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Carson Beck as QB3? A look at how NFL Draft's top positional stacks are shaping up before showtime

Big Boards:Consensus Top 75•Nate Tice•Charles McDonald|Draft guide

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With theNFL Draftupon us, we finally get around to what we’ve known for months — and what we’ve debated for what has seemed like an eternity.

Indiana quarterback Fernando Mendoza is going to be the first overall pick. And Alabama quarterback Ty Simpson is going to get drafted ... well …somewhere.

All secrets will be revealed by the end of Saturday night — at which point we can prematurely grade everyone’s performance and argue over which team stole the show or blew the entire draft. Before we do that, it’s worth breaking down how the top of positional stacks appear to have shaped up since the scouting combine in late March. After spending almost two months talking to a swath of evaluators in preparation forthis year’s All-Juice Team, I got a better understanding of how some teams and their talent evaluators have stacked up each position along the way.

In the process, we can now give you what we believe is the order of the talent stack at the top of each position in the draft, based on evaluations of various personnel sources from 10 different teams. It’s not a perfect snapshot of all 32 franchises, and the informationhasbeen gathered during the height of the league’s lying season. But broad commonalities emerged from the cross section of evaluators, offering a reasonable thumbnail of how the talent stacks are likely to unfold in this draft. Starting with quarterback, for example.

Peering through the dustup over Simpson’s talent and where he should be ranked among his fellow quarterbacks — and tuning out and last-minute nonsensical second-guessing about Mendoza — at least three things emerged about the quarterbacks:

  • First, Mendoza swept the board in the quarterback stack without much fanfare. All 10 evaluators put him at the top of the quarterback class and didn’t think twice about it.

  • Second, Simpson swept the second spot in the stack among evaluators and did it about as easily as Mendoza took the top spot.

  • Third, Miami’s Carson Beck may very well end up being the third quarterback off the board, and there’s a chance he squeezes into the tail end of the third round.

That last one was surprising to me — and it’s certainly not set in stone. Beck had plenty of hot or cold reactions when he was being slotted into the stack by evaluators. Two liked him enough to suggest he could be a third-round pick. Several others loathed aspects of his profile and put him a country mile behind LSU’s Garrett Nussmeier. At times, the disparity was enough that I threw the stack out to some other longtime evaluators with general manager experience just to see if Beck being the aggregate No. 3 in the quarterback stack seemed right.

Jan 8, 2026; Glendale, AZ, USA; Miami Hurricanes quarterback Carson Beck (11) reacts against the Mississippi Rebels during the 2026 Fiesta Bowl and semifinal game of the College Football Playoff at State Farm Stadium. Mandatory Credit: Mark J. Rebilas-Imagn Images

Carson Beck has a shot at landing in Round 3 of this NFL Draft. (Mark J. Rebilas-Imagn Images)

“100-percent,” an NFC executive replied. “Bigger than Nussmeier. More success. Better worker. I don’t think Beck is great, but Nuss is a wild card in a bad class.”

So in a draft touted to have some possibly worthwhile middle-round dart throws at quarterback, the stack spit out Beck’s name as the first quarterback after we got past Mendoza and Simpson. It might not be revelatory, as I’ve seen some respected analysts scoot Beck up their overall prospect rankings as the draft sifting has gone on. But it’s interesting in that the aggregate slotted Beck at the third quarterback spot in the stack and when it was back-checked with other personnel executives, it had some weight.

With that in mind, here are the rest of the positions in this weekend’s draft and a snapshot of how evaluators from 10 different teams stacked the top end of each position …

Running back

There’s a strong chance only two running backs are taken in the first two rounds:Jeremiyah Loveinside the top 10 picks and his Notre Dame backupJadarian Pricesomewhere in the second round. Love is in the top five of most boards. Price’s assessment varies considerably. A few evaluators are stacking him in a range that would fit into the top of the second round, others in the middle of the second, and the remainder from the middle of the second to the top of the third. Interestingly, Arkansas’Mike Washington Jr.— who had a monster performance at the scouting combine — had only two teams stacking him into a range that would fit in the tail end of the second round. The rest are pegging him in the top half of the third round. Nebraska’sEmmett Johnsonand Washington’sJonah Colemanwere split between teams as the fourth or fifth running back, with each falling into a range equating to the middle of the third round to the top of the fourth.

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Wide receiver

It’s shaping up to be another deep class that packs into the first two rounds, with as many as nine receivers stacked inside the top 60 to 70 players on boards. As anticipated, the big three — Arizona State’sJordyn Tyson, Ohio State’sCarnell Tateand USC’sMakai Lemon— were all stacked in a range that will put them in the first round. The top wideout slot was a closer split between Tyson and Tate than has been predicted in most mock drafts. Tate was slotted higher than Tyson for most evaluators, but Tyson got the nod as the top wideout on a few boards. Neither was slotted as a top-five pick by teams.

The real intrigue is shaping up in the next trio of Texas A&M’sKC Concepcion, Indiana’sOmar Cooperand Washington’sDenzel Boston. All three were stacked as the fourth wideout by at least one team. Concepcion was fourth on most boards, followed by Cooper and then Boston. One team had Boston stacked in a manner that would potentially translate as low as the top of the third round.

Tight end

The position is basically Oregon’sKenyon Sadiqand then a ledge. Every evaluator had Sadiq stacked in a manner that would translate into the middle of the first round. One team pegged him inside the top 10, while three others had him slotted in spots that would land him in the lower third of the first round. Vanderbilt’sEli Stowerswas comfortably stacked as the second tight end and with a position that would translate into late second-round territory. Ohio State’sMax Klarewas the consensus third tight end, with valuations putting him in a territory that would translate late in the second to early in the third. There was a sizable gap after Klare, with Georgia’sOscar Delpaveraging a top 100 player range that translated consistently to an end of the third/top of the fourth draft spot.

Offensive tackle

For teams casting a line for an offensive tackle, this is going to be one of the more drama-filled talent stacks in the draft. Not only from the standpoint of sorting out players who are close to one another in terms of their talent, but also from the standpoint of the shelf. Essentially, all the evaluators were in agreement on one thing: If you’re going to take an offensive tackle, you had better get yours early.

Teams came to a consensus that there are basically six first-round tackles — Miami’sFrancis Mauigoa, Utah’sSpencer Fano, Georgia’sMonroe Freeling, Alabama’sKadyn Proctor, Utah’sCaleb Lomuand Clemson’sBlake Miller. Arizona State’sMax Iheanachoralso had a few teams stack him in the top 30-35. How they’ll all sort out will be the theater on draft night, with Mauigoa and Fano both having teams stack them as their top tackle prospect. The same goes for Proctor and Freeling for the third tackle spot. Both players had teams stack them as the third offensive tackle. Some evaluators also had Iheanachor ahead of Miller.

It’s possible all seven of those tackles are drafted inside the first 35 picks. After that, there’s a gap down into the third- or fourth-round range.

Offensive guard

This one wasn’t a surprise. Penn State’sOlaivavega Ioaneswept every stack as the top guard in the draft and likely the only one to be drafted in the first round expressly to play the position. Texas A&M’sChase Bisontiswas the second guard in the stack for most teams, followed by a mixture of Oregon’sEmmanuel Pregnon, Georgia Tech’sKeylan Rutledgeand Iowa’sGennings Dunker, who each had at least one evaluator tap them as the third-highest guard in the stack.

Center

It’s not a great year to find an elite center, but Florida’sJake Slaughterearned the top nod from most teams. Iowa’sLogan Joneswas also at the top of a handful of stacks at the position, but some evaluators ran hot or cold on him. Slaughter could end up being a fringe second-round to early third-round pick. The same goes for Jones and Auburn’sConnor Lew.

DEFENSE

Edge

No secret here, with Texas Tech’sDavid Baileysweeping this stack as the top player at the position and likely second overall pick in the draft. The position was pretty uniformly slotted after Bailey, too. Miami’sRueben Bain Jr.was the consensus No. 2 edge, while Miami’sAkheem Mesidorand Auburn’sKeldric Faulkeach had some teams dial them in at the third spot in the stack.

What’s abundantly clear is that there are going to be a lot of edge players taken in the top 50 picks — possibly as many as eight, with the next four players on the edge stack being filled by Texas A&M’sCashius Howell, Clemson’sT.J. Parker, Missouri’sZion Youngand Oklahoma’sR Mason Thomas. In terms of the total stack and how interchangeable some evaluators’ ratings were after the first four or five players, this looks like it’s the deepest position in the draft.

Defensive tackle

In terms of potential first-round picks, it was a bit of a two-man show between Ohio State’sKayden McDonaldand Clemson’sPeter Woods, who each had teams peg them as the top defensive tackle in the stack. It was a bit of a pick-your-flavor between the two, with both also in the fringe first-, early second-round range. After that tandem, the big shelf comes up fast, with Texas Tech’sLee Hunter, Georgia’sChristen Millerand Florida’sCaleb Banksrounding out the top five defensive tackles (the trio in varying order from one evaluator to the next). But after that five — whom could all end up coming off the board in the top two rounds — the stack thins out into a group of players that get slotted in the late third round and beyond.

Linebacker

It’s a bit of a two-man show, but one that will be exciting to watch unfold. Like David Bailey at the edge spot, Ohio State’sArvell Reeseswept the linebacker stack and is another player who has a shot to be the second overall pick in the draft. Right behind him is fellow Buckeyes linebackerSonny Styles, who interestingly also had three evaluators pegging him into top-five pick territory. That will lend some drama to the draft. Reese had one evaluator who put him into the top-10 pick range rather than top-five. As for the rest of the position, Georgia’sCJ Allenswept the No. 3 linebacker spot across the board and a seemingly cemented position inside the top 50 picks.

Safety

Another position where if you’re going to draft someone at the top of your stack, you better get to it fairly quickly because there’s a gap down after the first three players: Ohio State’sCaleb Downs, Oregon’sDillon Thienemanand Toledo’sEmmanuel McNeil-Warren. Downs swept the top of the safety stack across all evaluators, with one putting him into top-five pick territory. The remaining nine all put him in the top-10 pick category. Thieneman was a near consensus as the No. 2 safety, but a few evaluators put McNeil-Warren in that spot as well. Interestingly, the zoomed-out vantage on McNeil-Warren ran a little hot and cold, with one evaluator putting him in potential top-20 pick territory, with three others framing him as a potential top-60 pick and the rest of the pack putting him squarely in the 30-40 range. Regardless, after that trio, we likely won’t see another safety come off the board until the late third round.

Cornerback

This spot has some decent depth into the top 60 to 70 picks, with as many as seven cornerbacks with a shot to be drafted inside that range. The top three were pegged to be off the board in the first 30 picks, led by LSU’sMansoor Delane, who swept the top spot in the cornerback stack among all evaluators. He was followed by Tennessee’s tandem ofJermod McCoyandColton Hood, who each had some evaluators lock them in at the second cornerback spot in the stack. The next four players were consistently in the top seven in the stack but were all mixed around from the fourth to the seventh position. Among them: South Carolina’sBrandon Cisse, Clemson’sAvieon Terrell, San Diego State’sChris Johnsonand Indiana’sD’Angelo Ponds.

Carson Beck as QB3? A look at how NFL Draft's top positional stacks are shaping up before showtime

Big Boards:Consensus Top 75•Nate Tice•Charles McDonald|Draft guide With theNFL Draftupon us, we finally get around to what we’ve ...
Trump mulls extending shipping waiver to ease US oil shipments, Axios reports

April 21 (Reuters) - U.S. President Donald Trump ‌is considering extending ‌the Jones Act waiver, which ​allows foreign-flagged cargo ships to move fuel and other goods ‌between ⁠domestic ports, Axios reported on Tuesday, ⁠citing U.S. officials.

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Trump waived Jones Act ​limitations for ​60 ​days starting March ‌17, hoping the move would help tame the surge in fuel prices caused by ‌the Iran ​war by ​increasing ​shipments from ‌the U.S. Gulf Coast ​to ​other coastal markets in the country.

(Reporting ​by ‌Ismail Shakil and Kanishka ​Singh; Editing by ​Christian Martinez)

Trump mulls extending shipping waiver to ease US oil shipments, Axios reports

April 21 (Reuters) - U.S. President Donald Trump ‌is considering extending ‌the Jones Act waiver, which ​allows foreign-flagged cargo s...
Woman arrested at LAX, accused of brokering weapons deals for Iran

An Iranian woman who resides in Southern California was arrested on suspicion of “trafficking arms on behalf” of the Iranian government, an official said on Sunday, April 19.

USA TODAY

Shamim Mafi, 44, was arrested at Los Angeles International Airport on April 18, said Bill Essayli, first assistant U.S. attorney for the Central District of California.

According to a criminal complaint, Mafi is accused of having “conspired with others to perpetrate an unlawful scheme to broker the sale of weapons, weapons components, and ammunition on behalf of the Government of Iran,” violating the International Emergency Economic Powers Act.

The International Emergency Economic Powers Act gives the president “broad authority to regulate a variety of economic transactions following a declaration of national emergency,” according to theCongressional Research Service. PresidentDonald Trumphas used thislaw to impose sweeping tariffs.

<p style=See how Middle Eastern countries are caught in the crossfire of the war launched by the United States and Israel against Iran.
Bahrain
Smoke rises in the sky after blasts were heard in Manama, Bahrain, Feb. 28, 2026.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=Syria
Syrian children stand on the wreckage of an Iranian rocket that was reportedly intercepted by Israeli forces in the southern countryside of Quneitra, near the Golan Heights, close to the town of Ghadir al-Bustan.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=Iraq
A plume of smoke rises near Erbil International Airport in Erbil on March 1, 2026. Loud explosions were heard early on March 1 near Erbil airport, which hosts US-led coalition troops in Iraq's autonomous Kurdistan region, an AFP journalist said.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=Iraq
Members and officers from the Iraqi Interior Ministry's Explosives Directorate inspect the fuel tank of a rocket that landed in a rural village in the Siyahi area near the city of Hilla in the central Babil province on March 1, 2026. Iraq, which has recently regained a sense of stability but has long been a proxy battleground between the U.S. and Iran, warned that it did not want to be dragged into the war that started on Feb. 28 with U.S. and Israeli strikes on Iran.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=Qatar
A prayer appealing to God for protection is projected on the dome of al-Hazm shopping mall in Doha on March 1, 2026.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=Qatar
Motorists drive past a plume of smoke rising from a reported Iranian strike in the industrial district of Doha on March 1, 2026.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=Bahrain
A building that was damaged by an Iranian drone attack, after Israel and the U.S. launched strikes on Iran, in Manama, Bahrain, March 1, 2026.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=Saudi Arabia
The empty terminal at King Khalid International Airport in Riyadh is pictured on March 1, 2026. Global airlines cancelled flights across the Middle East after the U.S. and Israel launched strikes on Iran on Saturday, plunging the region into a new conflict. In Saudi Arabia, Iranian missiles targeting Riyadh's international airport and the Prince Sultan Airbase, which houses U.S. military personnel, were intercepted, a Gulf source briefed on the matter told AFP.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=United Arab Emirates
A food delivery bike drive close to a plume of smoke rising from the Zayed Port following a reported Iranian strike in Abu Dhabi on March 1, 2026.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=United Arab Emirates
An oil tanker is pictured offshore in Dubai on March 1, 2026. Attacks have damaged tankers, and many ship owners, oil majors and trading houses suspended crude oil, fuel and liquefied natural gas shipments via the Strait of Hormuz.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=Oman
Smoke billows from an oil tanker under U.S. sanctions, that was hit off Oman's Musandam peninsula, in this screen grab from a video obtained by Reuters on March 1, 2026.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=Kuwait
Smoke rises from a reported Iranian strike in the area where the U.S. Embassy is located in Kuwait City on March 2, 2026. Black smoke was seen rising from the U.S. embassy in Kuwait City on March 2 after the latest volley of Iranian strikes, an AFP correspondent saw,

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=Saudi Arabia
A satellite image shows efforts to control a fire as smoke rises in the Ras Tanura oil refinery in Saudi Arabia after a drone attack, amid the U.S.-Israel conflict with Iran, in Ras Tanura, Saudi Arabia March 2, 2026.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=Turkey
People make their way after crossing from Iran into Turkey at the Kapikoy Border Gate in eastern Van province,Turkey, March 2, 2026.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=United Arab Emirates
Delivery persons ride motorcycles along a road as a tall smoke plume billows following an explosion in the Fujairah industrial zone on March 3, 2026.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=United Arab Emirates
Pieces of missiles and drones recovered after Iran's strikes are displayed during a press briefing by the UAE government held in Abu Dhabi on March 3, 2026. Iran stepped up its attacks on economic targets and US missions across the Middle East on March 3, as the US president warned it was "too late" for the Islamic republic to seek talks to escape the war. As drones and missiles crashed into oil facilities and U.S. embassies in the Gulf, Washington's ally Israel bombarded targets in Iran and pushed troops deeper into Lebanon to battle the Tehran-backed militia Hezbollah.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=Lebanon
Smoke rises from the site of an Israeli airstrike on the southern suburbs of Beirut on March 3, 2026. The Israeli military issued new evacuation orders for dozens of locations in Lebanon on March 3, including warning residents in two southern Beirut neighbourhoods to stay away from several buildings ahead of an imminent operation.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=Lebanon
Emergency personnel work at the site of an Israeli strike on Beirut's southern suburbs, following an escalation between Hezbollah and Israel amid the U.S.-Israeli conflict with Iran, Lebanon, March 3, 2026.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=Lebanon
Rescuers gather at the site of an Israeli airstrike that targeted the Jamaa Islamiya offices in the southern Lebanese coastal city of Sidon on March 3, 2026.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" /> <p style=United Arab Emirates
Tankers are seen off the coast of the Fujairah, as Iran vows to close the Strait of Hormuz, amid the U.S.-Israel conflict with Iran, in Fujairah, United Arab Emirates, March 3, 2026.

" style="max-width:100%; height:auto; border-radius:6px; margin:10px 0;" loading="lazy" />

See how the Iran war’s fallout is hitting the Middle East

See how Middle Eastern countries are caught in the crossfire of thewar launched by the United States and Israel against Iran.BahrainSmoke rises in the sky after blasts were heard in Manama, Bahrain, Feb. 28, 2026.

According to the complaint, Mafi, with the assistance of an unnamed co-conspirator, “brokered the sale of 55,000 bomb fuses to the Sudanese Ministry of Defense.” In addition, they “brokered the sale of millions of rounds of ammunition from Iran to Sudan.”

Mafi is accused of brokering weapons deals on behalf of Iran through a company she owns with a co-conspirator as recent as early 2025, according to the complaint. That includes one contract valued at over 60 million euros for a sale of Iranian-made drones to Sudan’s ministry of defense, according to the complaint. Other items that Mafi brokered, or attempted to broker, included “bombs” and “assault weapons,” according to the complaint.

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Essayli said that Mafi is expected to make her first court appearance on April 20. It’s not immediately clear who represents Mafi.

According to the complaint, Mafi was born in Iran but is a lawful permanent resident of the United States and maintains a residence in Woodland Hills of Los Angeles.

She frequently traveled to and from Los Angeles, and Mafi “only spends part of her time” in the U.S., according to the complaint.

Mafi faces a maximum sentence of 20 years in federal prison if convicted, according to Essayli.

Paris Barraza is a reporter covering Los Angeles and Southern California for the USA TODAY Network. Reach her atpbarraza@usatodayco.com.

This article originally appeared on USA TODAY:Los Angeles woman arrested, accused of 'trafficking arms' for Iran

Woman arrested at LAX, accused of brokering weapons deals for Iran

An Iranian woman who resides in Southern California was arrested on suspicion of “trafficking arms on behalf” of the Iranian government...
Did Pope Leo find his voice in Africa? Or did the world finally hear him?

LUANDA, Angola (AP) — And in Africa, the lion roared.

Associated Press Pope Leo XIV is cheered by faithful on the occasion of his visit to a nursing home, in Saurimo, Angola, Monday, April 20, 2026. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini) Pope Leo XIV is cheered by faithful as he arrives to celebrate a mass at Saurimo esplanade, Angola, Monday, April 20, 2026. (AP Photo/Andrew Medichini) Pope Leo XIV arrives at the esplanade in front of the Sanctuary of Mama Muxima, in Muxima, Angola, Sunday, April 19, 2026. (AP Photo/Themba Hadebe) Pope Leo XIV answers journalists' questions during his flight from Yaounde, Cameroon to Luanda, Angola, Saturday, April 18, 2026. (Luca Zennaro/Pool Photo via AP) Pope Leo XIV answers journalists' questions during his flight from Yaounde, Cameroon to Luanda, Angola, Saturday, April 18 2026. (Luca Zennaro/Pool Photo via AP)

APTOPIX Angola Africa Pope

There is a case to be made that Pope Leo XIV, the careful, reserved, Midwestern Augustinian, found his voice on his epic trip through Africa, blasting the“handful of tyrants”and“chains of corruption”that have held parts of the continent hostage for centuries.

But the fact is, Leo has beenpreaching this kind of messagefor a while now, including in the context of the U.S.-Israeli war in Iran. It just took U.S. President Donald Trump’s unprecedented broadside and Vice President JD Vance's claims oftheological superiorityfor many people to pay attention, especially American Catholics.

“Yes, Pope Leo might give the impression that he is engaging, in his quiet way and with authority, and this is how it looks to the world press and social media,” Cardinal Michael Czerny, a top Vatican official and aide to Leo, told The Associated Press.

“But in fact the Holy Father’s homilies and talks in Africa have been prepared, well in advance, in terms of the local African reality and the church," Czerny said. "So, if they seem relevant to the current wars, controversy, this reminds us of Jesus saying, ‘Whoever has ears to hear, let them hear!’”

Leo tried to make that point when he came to the back of Air Pope One on April 18, en route from Cameroon to Angola, and complained that“a certain narrative”had taken hold suggesting he was in a feud with Trump over the Iran war and his peace messages in Africa were directed at the president.

Leo insisted his words about tyrants and the religious justification for war had been wrongly interpreted and he was referring only to the African context, and to a separatist conflict in western Cameroon, in particular.

The thin line of the pope's explanation

But Leo also was trying to have it both ways. Yes, he was talking about the separatist conflict at a peace meeting in Bamenda. Yes, he was preaching the Gospel message of peace and fraternity. But he alsohas been talking about Trump, a lot.

“That distancing of Pope Leo from some interpretations was really a move to de-escalate a very dangerous situation,” said Massimo Faggioli, a professor of theology at Trinity College Dublin. “Because the Vatican needs the United States to restore some kind of peaceful — not order — but a horizon of peace, a hope of peace.”

Leo criticized Trump, directly, before he got to Africa. And in one remarkable comment two weeks ago, he encouraged the faithful to contact their congressional representatives to demand an end to the war.

The headline from the April 7 encounter outside Leo's country house in Castel Gandolfo was that Leo had called Trump’s threat to annihilate Iranian civilization“truly unacceptable.”

But the more significant message followed. “I would invite the citizens of all the countries involved to contact the authorities, political leaders, congressmen, to ask them, tell them to work for peace and to reject war,” Leo said.

Faggioli termed the comment “the Vatican’s nuclear option,” making a direct appeal to U.S. voters to take a stand, because it genuinely feared Trump was about to take the Iran war in a vastly more catastrophic direction.

What came before Leo's unprecedented appeal

The Holy See had never resorted to such a directly political message from a pope even at the height of the Cuban Missile Crisis, when a Catholic president — John F. Kennedy — was on the verge of a nuclear confrontation with the Soviet Union, Faggioli said.

At that moment, Pope John XXIII did make a public appeal — his famous Oct. 25, 1962, radio address — with a strong, direct plea for peace including to “those who have the responsibility of power” to “do everything in their power to save the peace.”

The pope also sent private letters to Kennedy and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev and worked behind the scenes through diplomatic channels to de-escalate the situation. But he didn't urge U.S. voters to essentially choose which Catholic to listen to: their president or their pope.

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“What is at stake now is that at a time of war, loyalties of Catholics are tested in a particular way,” Faggioli said. He added that however the situation ultimately resolves itself, the tension will complicate any future political aspirations of Catholics seeking high office, whether Vance on the Republican side or California Gov. Gavin Newsom on the Democratic side, as long as a U.S.-born pope is still in Rome.

Kathleen Sprows Cummings, director of the Global Catholic Research Initiative at the University of Notre Dame, said Leo has consistently operated “on a higher plane” but American Catholics are used to church discussion of morality in the context of sexuality, gender and abortion, and it's jarring to process foreign policy through a moral lens.

“So JD Vance can say the pope should stick to morality," she said, “but war and peace are ancient moral issues.”

The Rev. Antonio Spadaro, the under-secretary in the Vatican’s culture department, said Leo is continuing in the tradition of popes past to preach the Gospel message of peace. What has changed, he said, was how Trump reacted.

“The strong reaction arrived from America," he said. "It was America that reacted to Leo’s words, and not vice versa.”

Even with his direct comments about Trump, Leo was not engaging in an attack, Spadaro said.

“It’s very dangerous to imagine that the pope is fighting with Trump, because it means demeaning the pope to a level of contrast, one against the other, which Trump may want but that the pope has no intention of doing," he said.

New role, same Leo, Vatican official says

Spadaro added that from his perch, Leo hasn't changed at all from when he was known as Robert Prevost, the Chicago-born missionary priest.

“I see the Prevost I’ve always seen,” Spadaro said. “Let’s say it’s the backdrop that has changed, so his calm yet very direct style stands in stark contrast to a chaotic scenario, and that’s why it’s striking.”

For better or worse, the incredible saga of Trump, the war and geopolitics seems far removed from Leo’s day-to-day ministering to his flock in Africa, who have turned out in droves to welcome the American pope in each stop on his four-nation tour.

The polyglot pope has made it easy for them to hear his words, delivering speeches, homilies and prayers in the languages of the faithful: French in Algeria, English and French in Cameroon, Portuguese in Angola and, starting Tuesday, Spanish in Equatorial Guinea.

Lucineia Francisco left her family behind on Sunday so she could see Leo at theShrine of Mama Muxima, Angola’s most popular pilgrimage destination. Some 30,000 people turned out for Leo’s rosary prayer.

“My kids were crying to come, but I said no,” Francisco said. “This is a spiritual journey that I’m really going to face on my own.”

Associated Press religion coverage receives support through the AP’scollaborationwith The Conversation US, with funding from Lilly Endowment Inc. The AP is solely responsible for this content.

This version corrects the title for Rev. Antonio Spadaro, the under-secretary in the Vatican’s culture department

Did Pope Leo find his voice in Africa? Or did the world finally hear him?

LUANDA, Angola (AP) — And in Africa, the lion roared. APTOPIX Angola Africa Pope There is a case to be made that Pope Leo XI...
Researchers have spent decades breeding better potatoes for chips, and their work isn't done

EAST LANSING, Mich. (AP) — There’s a surprising amount of science in abag of potato chips.

Associated Press David Douches, a Michigan State University professor who leads the school's Potato Breeding and Genetics Program, holds a potato chip in his hand during a taste testing in East Lansing, Mich., on Tuesday, March 24, 2026 (AP Photo/Mike Householder) Better Made Snack Foods worker Tonya Tinsleydoes quality control checks on potatoes at a processing facility in Detroit, on Thursday, April 2, 2026 (AP Photo/Mike Householder) Potato chips move along a conveyor at a Better Made Snack Foods processing facility in Detroit, on Thursday, April 2, 2026 (AP Photo/Mike Householder) David Douches, a Michigan State University professor who leads the school's Potato Breeding and Genetics Program, inspects some items at a campus greenhouse in East Lansing, Mich., on Tuesday, March 24, 2026 (AP Photo/Mike Householder)

Making Better Chips

Researchers have spent decades developing potatoes for chip makers that can grow inall kinds of climates, avoid diseases and pests, sit in storage for months and still deliver a satisfying crunch. They've also kept an eye on consumer trends; a shift to snack-size portions has increased the demand for smaller chipping potatoes, for example.

“The potato industry is dynamic," said David Douches, a Michigan State University professor who leads the school’s Potato Breeding and Genetics Program. “The needs change, the costs, the pressures that they have, and the markets change. So we have to adapt to that with our varieties.”

Douches has developed five new potato varieties for chips in the the last 15 years. His latest breakthrough is abioengineered potatothat can maintain a proper sugar balance when stored at colder temperatures, which can help keep potatoes from rotting. He is currently growing seeds for commercial testing of the potato, which is not yet on the market.

Douches' work helps fight world hunger; he has developed disease-resistant varieties for farmers in Nigeria, Kenya,Rwandaand Bangladesh. But he's also helping U.S. chip makers, gratefulsnackersand Michigan's $2.5 billion potato industry. WhileIdaho leadsthe U.S. in potato production, Michigan is the top producer of potatoes for chips.

There are around 50 unique potato varieties grown for chips in the U.S. right now, according to the National Chip Program, a cooperative that brings together Michigan State and 11 otheruniversity breeding programswith growers,companies that make chips, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture.

Efforts to improve those varieties are constant. The National Chip Program evaluates around 225 new potato varieties each year and selects 100 for further trials, said Tim Rendall, the director of production research at Potatoes USA, a trade group that oversees the chip program.

The close partnership between researchers,farmersand potato chip companies is unusual in the food industry, said Phil Gusmano, the vice president of purchasing at Better Made Snack Foods, which has produced potato chips in Detroit since 1930. Better Made worked closely with Douches when he was developing two of the varieties the company uses now, Gusmano said.

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“We were able talk about size profile and different needs that make a really good chip,” Gusmano said. “And the great thing is, they’re willing to listen to what we have to say, because if they put together a potato that doesn’t really meet the needs for the end processor, it doesn’t do them any good.”

Breeding a newtype of potatocan take up to 15 years, Douches said. The simple potato has a surprisingly complicatedgenetic structure, with four chromosomes in each cell compared to two in most species, including humans. That makes it harder to predict which traits that cross-bred plants will inherit, he said.

“We’re never able to fix a trait and carry that over to the next generation, so it’s very difficult to find a potato that has all the traits that we want,” Douches said.

Douches became fascinated with potato breeding and genetics while in graduate school. At Michigan State, he focuses on chipping potatoes, since Michigan is a leading producer. Around 70% of the state’s potato crop is destined for chip processing, according to the Michigan Ag Council. The trade group estimates that one of every four bags of potato chips produced in the U.S. contains Michigan potatoes.

Breeding potatoes that can sit in storage for nearly a year has been one of the biggest challenges in Douches' 40-year career. Historically, farmers harvested potatoes and then stored them in huge piles at around 50 degrees Fahrenheit (10 degrees Celsius). Temperatures any colder cause sugar levels to rise in the root vegetables, and higher sugar content leads to darker potato chips. But warmer storage conditions can lead to rot.

“You think they’re just these inanimate objects, but they actually are respiring and breathing,” Douches said. “When you do that to them, you’ve got, like, a two- to three-day window where they’re happy.”

His Manistee variety, which was released in 2013, can be safely stored until July at 45 F (7.2 C) degrees. His new bioengineered potato can be stored at 40 F (4.4 C).

Gusmano said Better Made used to sourcepotatoesfrom outside of Michigan for half the year because the Michigan potatoes it harvested in the fall only could be stored until February. The company now uses newer varieties, like Douches' Mackinaw potato, which can be stored until July and is resistant to several common diseases.

“We’re not shipping potatoes from all over the country to be fried here in Michigan,” Gusmano said. “Instead, they’re being shipped from an hour and a half away all year long.”

Researchers have spent decades breeding better potatoes for chips, and their work isn't done

EAST LANSING, Mich. (AP) — There’s a surprising amount of science in abag of potato chips. Making Better Chips Researchers ha...

 

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